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TL;DR
- Scientists are working on techniques to systematically detect scent biomarkers for diagnosing diseases like Parkinson's, brain injuries, and cancer.
- Some diseases produce distinct smells detectable by humans, such as cirrhosis (musky/sulfurous breath) or kidney disease (ammonia/fishy breath).
- Dogs have highly developed senses of smell and have been trained to detect various cancers, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, seizures, and malaria.
- Researchers are developing technological 'noses' to replicate or surpass the scent detection abilities of dogs and humans, using methods like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
- Changes in metabolism due to illness can alter the production and release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), changing a person's body odor.
- Early detection of diseases through skin swabs or breath tests could revolutionize treatment, especially for conditions like Parkinson's and brain injuries.
- One company is developing a device using lab-grown human olfactory receptors and AI to detect prostate cancer.
- An individual with a unique hyper-sensitive sense of smell is assisting researchers in developing diagnostic tests for Parkinson's disease.